Steam-generator



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W. H. FARRIS.

. STEAMGENERATOR. No. 3493126. Patented Sept. 21, 1886.

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:(NO Model.) Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. E. PARRIS.

STEAM GENERATOR. Y

No. 349,426. Patented Sept. 21, 1886.

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UNITED STATES' VILLIAM H. FARRIS, OF

PATENT OFFICE.

ROCK ISLAND, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming p art of Letters Patent No. 349,426, dated September 21, 1886.

Applicatiouiiled May 19, 1886. Serial No. 202,673. (No model.)

the following` to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as vwill enable others skilled in the art lto which it appertains to make and use the saine.

My invention consists in certain novel constructions and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described and specincally claimed, whereby a boiler-grate is produced having water-heating and steam-generati ng hollow gratebars, hollow fire-bridge with chambers or passage-ways for circulating the water, circulat` ing-pipes, valves, and accommodating jointconnections, which are made water and steam tight by compression, as will be hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of my invention, showing in section the top portion of the hollow fire-bridge, the rear portions of the side conveying and return pipes, and the rear portion of one of the hollow grate-bars, and also showing the rear portion of .the boiler broken away. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section in the line o@ x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of one of the hollow bosses ofthe hollowre-bridge connecting with the grate-bars, showing an inner pipe and central bolt in cross-section. Fig. 4 is a detail view of a hollow boss of the hollow firebridge connecting with a side conveying-pipe, showing a central bolt in cross-section. Fig. 5 is a vertical section in the line y y of Fig. l. Fig. G is an end view of a sliding end support of one of the grate-bars, its bearer being shown in section. Fig. 7 is a front View illustrating my invention. Fig. Sis an enlarged sectional view of a side pipe, boss of the hollow bridge, a compressible steam-joint connection'used in carrying out my invention; and Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating the same.

The letter A in the drawings represents a boiler, B a grate, and 'C a fire-bridge. The

boilerA is ot' ordinary construction, having at its portion outside of the furnace-wall a a water-feed pipe, a', and a circulating-pipe, a2,

which latter is by means of a pipe, a, connected with an upper connecting-pipe, t, ofthe boiler. with a cut-off valve, D, by which the circulation is regulated.

Between the valve D and pipe a3 the pipe c? is provided with a check-valve, D', by which a return low of water is, prevented.

Between the pipes as aL a small check-valve, D2, Lis provided, which is operated by the steam generated in the grate, as will be hereinafter' explained. The pipes o2 a3 are joined bya T- joint, c5, which is connected with another T- joint, a, by means of which it is connected with the end portion, b, of a larger side conveyingpipe or hollow side conveying-bar, b. The water which circulates from the boiler A through the pipe c2 and T- joints a5 c enters the portion b of said conveying side pipe or bar b and passes into the side pipe or bar bf and into a vchamber of the fire-bridge C. The side pipe or bar, b', is placed next to the side wall of the boiler and above the grate B, and has a downward inclination to the lirebridge. Owing to this construction said side bar is well exposed to the grate-rire, and steam is thus created, which follows the upward inclination ofthe side bar and passes into the pipe ai below the check-valve D". From time to time the slow inertia of the Water below causes this steam to gather force sufcient to open'the check-valve D2 and pass through the pipe a? into the steam-room of the boiler. The water below inthe pipesa a2 thereupon partly follows the dow of steam by lifting the checkvalve and entering the T-joint a5; but owing to its weight it enters the side bar b. The side pipe or bar b' is provided with a heavy end flange, b2, in the face of which a groove, b3, is provided, the shape of which is cylindrical at the bottom, and flaring, as at b4, Fig. 9, at the face of said end flange. Opposite said iiange a boss, e, is provided on the hollow fire-bridge C, with a groove, b3, flared at b4 in the same manner as the boss b2. e l i Into the grooves b3 a ring, E, of double-convex shape in crosssectiomis inserted,and rendered steam-tight by means of a compression or clamp bolt, E. Fig. 9, the ring E does not extend to the bottom of thegrooves b3, nor does it have much As is seen in the diagram,

Near the boiler the pipe a2 is provided IOO bearing-surface in'the dared portions b of the said grooves, and by means of this construction Iam enabled to make a steam-tight connection between the side pipe or bar b and fire-bridge C, even should the grooves D not be or remain precisely parallel. The clampbolt E has a dovetailed portion, c, near its head e', which portion e is tted into a dovetailed central groove, e, in a lug, c3, at the base of the opening of the boss c. By this described dovetail fit the clamp-bolt E is preventedfrom turning and from leaving its eentral position in the side pipe or'bar b', while the head c prevents the bolt from being pulled longitudinally out of the groove. The clampbolt E extends through the side pipe or bar b and through the T-joint a, at the outside of which latter it is provided with a nut, e3, having a convex joint-bearing surface,e,fitted into a similar concave joint-bearing, e, of the T-joint a. This concave or ball joint is an effective steam-joint, no matter whether the bolt E is precisely in line with the T-joint a or not. Leaving the side pipe or bar b', the water enters an end chamber, c, of the firebridge, which communicates with a rear passageway, c2, of the same. The passage-way c2 extends the whole length of the fire-bridge across the furnace, and communicates with hollow grate-bars b5 by means of pipes c3, suitably fastened to a middle partition, c, of the fire-bridge. By means of said partition the passage-way c2 is separated from a front passage-way, c5, in the fire-bridge, which latter way directly communicates with the downwardly-inclined hollow grate-bars b5. These grate-bars are in form of pipes, and are closed at their lower forward ends, and are constructed with transverse grate-lugs b at their top sides, and with iianges b7 at their open end portions. Bosses c5, corresponding with the fianges bl, are provided on the front wall of the fire-bridge C, and these bosses, as well as theilanges if, are provided with flared grooves b3 and joint-rings E, of the same construction as previously set forth in the description of the side bar b. The bosses c6 are provided with inner lugs, cs, having dovetailed grooves e2, into which the similarly-dovetailed end portions, e, of clamp-bolts E are tted, the heads e of which bear against the lug, and thus hold the clamp-bolt longitudinally in place, same as in the case of the bolt used in connection with side bar b. The clampbolts E extend through the closed end portions, Zf, of the grate-bars, and are on the outside provided with nuts e3, having convex bearing-surfaces c, fitting into corresponding concave bearing-surfaces, e5, `in the end portions, be. By drawing or turning up the nutse3 the ring-joints and nut-joints of the grate-bars become steam and water tight. The water, iiowing through the pipes c, enters the forward hollow portions of the grate-bars bt, flows u back, upward to the fire-bridge, enters the chamber or passageway c5, and flows along the same until it passes through a hollow boss,

c, of the fire-bridge to a return side pipe or' bar, b9. The end portions, bs, of the gratebars f are provided with dovetailed projections f, which are loosely fitted into dovetailed grooves f of shoes F, these shoes resting upon a transverse bearing-bar, f2, of the furnace, and thereby supporting the end portions, bs. Vhen the heat expands the grate-bars, the extensions f move forward in the shoes F, which remain unmoved upon the bar f2, and when the grate-bars are contractedby being cooled down the reverse movement of the extensions will take place inthe shoes F. Vhen any one of the grate-bars is worn out and requires to be removed, the nut e is unscrewed and the bar lifted until the shoe F can be withdrawn, when the grate-bar is tilted below the bar f2, and then removed from the nre-bridge. A new grate-bar is moved over the bolt E and pipe d from below the bar f2 and set and fastened in place, as above described. The hollow up# wardly-inclined side bar bf is of the same construction as the side bar b', and is also fastened by similar means and in a like manner to a T- joint a7 as is the side bar b toI the T-joint a6. The T-joint al is connected with a T-joint, at, to the lower end of which a small blow-off pipe, G, with a cock, g, is attached. The upper end of the T-j oint as is connected by means of a pipe, g', and T-joint g2 with the upper connecting-pipe, a4, and with the pipe a3. Between the T-joints a8 and g2 the pipe f/ is pro vided with a check-valve, G, of about the same size as the check-valve D. When the boiler is filled with water in the usual manner, the side bars, b b, the fire-bridge C, and the grate-bars b5 are also filled with water. When the fire is started under the boiler and upon the grate-bars, the water in the gratebars, side bars, and hre-bridge becomes heated to a greater degree than the water in the boiler, and consequently steam is developed more rapidly in the said parts than in the boiler. The steam in the grate-bars follows the upward inclination of the bars to the firebridge, where it unites with the steam created in the heated sides thereof, and then enters the side bar b. VIt then moves to the higher end of the said side bar, enters the pipe g', passes through the check-valve G', and thence through the pipe a* into the steam-room of the boiler. The steam developed in the side bar b moves to the higher-'end of the same, then up through the pipe as, check-valve D2, and pipe a* into the steam-room of the boiler. Inasmuch as the amount of steam developed in the side bar b is a great deal less than the steam developed and collected by the side bar b, the check-valve D2 is made proportionally smaller than the check-valve G', this proportion being about one to four in the majority of cases. When the boiler is in full operation and a certain quantity of steam has passed through the check-valve D2 by means of overpressure in the bars and fire-bridge, the bulk and weight of the water in the said parts will have become decreased, and consequently will IKO be overbalanced by the weight of water in the boiler, whereupon the check-valve D will be opened and a fresh supply of `water from the boiler caused to enter the side bar b. This operation of the check -valve D also takes place when the check-valve G has admitted steam into the boiler. When the consumption ofthe steam is uniform,these check-valves operate at regular intervals similar to the pulsations of the human arteries, and their clicking noise can be distinctly heard by the engineer, and they thus serve as usefulguides in his manipulations of the feed-pump and furnacere, and dangerous casualties will be prevented. l/Vhen the checlevalves DL and G work too fast, the val\'e D is fully opened in order to allow a full flow of water to the conveying side bar b and grate-bars b5 and re-bridge C, and thus prevent overheating of the same. When the check-valves work too slowly, the water-supply from the boiler is diminished by partly closing the valve D. Then the check-valves cease to operate, the cock g is openedand part of the'` contents of the side bar b9 blown out, whereby dirt is removed and the `steam or water cushioning of the valves is stopped.`

At suitable places the apparatus is provided with plugs h, giving access to the several passage-ways, and thus facilitating the cleaning of the same of mud and muddy water.

In employing my improved hollow circulating fire-bridge and hollow grate-bars, as herein described, it will be necessary, on account of the manner in which the boilers are set,77 to pass the water into the ire-bridge and therefrom into the grate-bars in different ways. For instance, in case the pipe fr could not be connected to the boiler in the hereinbefore-described manner, it would be practical not to use the T-j oint a5, and to connect pipe a3 directly to the T-joint a, and under this arrangement the water would be taken by a suitable pipe from the readily-accessible front of the boiler, pass through the stop-valve D and check-valfe D', suitably provided on vsaid pipe, and finally be conducted to the passage-way cl of the tirebridge C by means of a suitable conduit-pipe. Again, in the event that I can use neither of the side bars or pipes b or b, I would take the steam out of chamber c5 through a pipe connecting said chamber with the steam-room of the boiler, and having an upper 'checkvalve, G', a blow-out pipe, G, and valve or cock g, as described.

That I claim isl. In a boiler-furnace, the combination of hollow circulating grate-bars b5, a hollow circulating fire-bridge, C, communicating hollow side bars, b b, pipes a2 a3 g a4, and a boiler, A, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination,with aboiler, of the hollow grate-bars, frebridge and communicating hollow side bars, check-valves Dl D2 G', and suitable connecting pipes and connections thereof, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of the boiler A and its connecting arts side bar b valve D `and grate water-heater, substantiallyas and for as b and O, or other analogous portions of the described apparatus, having cylindrical grooves b, which are outwardly flared, as at b*,jointring E, havinga double-convex form in cross-section, and a suitable clamping device, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The hollow flre-bridge C, having tubular bosses c, grooved lugs c, and ilared annular grooves b3, in combination with the hollow grate-bars b5, having bosses b7 and flared an.- nular grooves b3, a double-convex ring, E, and the bolt E', substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The lug c8 of the bridge C, having a dovetailed groove, e2, in combination with the hollow communicating side bars or tubes of grate, and bolt E', having a dovetailed portion, e, and head e', and nut e3, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The clamps E', nuts 63 having convex faces e4, and the T- joints a al, having corresponding concave seats c5, in combination with the connected parts of the described` apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The grate-bar b5, havinga dovetailed end projection, f, in combination with a shoe, F, having a dovetailed groove, f, and asupporting bearer or bar, f2, su bstantially-as and for the purpose described.k

9. The hollow fire-bridge C, having passageways c' c2 c5, partition c, pipes c, and the grate-bars b5, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereofI affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VILLIAM H. FARRIS.

lVitnesses:

J. E. BAHNsEN, C. B. KINYos.

IOO 

